11000 years ago, Agriculture is invented. Humans begin to shape the environment. First thought to have arisen in the “Fertile Crescent” between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in modern day Iraq. Archaeological evidence now suggest agriculture may have arisen independently in a number of different places. The shift away from nomadism and hunter-gathering lifestyle toward a more sedentary existence, cultivating plants and rearing domesticated livestock represents a major change form human culture.